Sunday, December 29, 2019

Alienation In The Metamorphosis, By Franz Kafka - 922 Words

The strange and unique short story about alienation, The Metamorphosis, by Franz Kafka. The story tells the life of a man who transformed into an insect. Throughout the reading of this story, there is never any explanation of how or why the man, Gregor Samsa, came to be a bug. Only the aftermath of his transformation. But the deterioration of man, and insect, and relationships is prevalent in the story. The relationship between Gregor and his family is an interesting one. The story questions the idea of unconditional love. The Samsa family had a lack of understanding and sympathy towards Gregor after his transformation providing evidence that they do not have unconditional love for Gregor. At the beginning, the Samsa family worried about†¦show more content†¦After Mr. Samsa lost his business, he lost motivation to work and Gregor took responsibility to be the provider for his family. Gregor’s father showed no sympathy for him after he changed into a bug and worried more about the family finances than his son, even when he knew that Gregor was working to provide his family the opportunity to live a good life. After Gregor’s metamorphosis, Mr. Samsa attacks Gregor twice. The first time was to corral him back to his room and the second when he threw an apple at him. Mr. Samsa believed the worst about Gregor and Gregor was very wary of his father. Kafka wrote, â€Å"But Gregor could not risk standing up to him, aware as he had been from the very first day of his new life that his father believed only the severest measures suitable for dealing with him† (407). Mr. Samsa has the inner conflict of whether the bug is Gregor or not, but he hurts hi m anyway. He hurts Gregor even though Gregor had no intention of hurting his mother and especially his sister, Grete. Gregor only has one intimate relationship with someone of his family, Grete. She is the only other person in the story addressed by name. This shows her importance to Gregor and the impact of their relationship in the story. After Gregors transformation, Grete took care of him, becoming his primary caregiver. She brought him food, cleaned his room, and moved a chair to the window for him. She even went as far as moving out piecesShow MoreRelatedThe Metamorphosis By Franz Kafka1380 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"I cannot make anyone understand what is happening inside me. I cannot even explain it to myself†: A Psychoanalysis reading of â€Å"The Metamorphosis† by Kafka The Metamorphosis is known to be one of Franz Kafka’s best works of literature. It demonstrates the interconnection between his personal life and the protagonist, Gregor Samsa, of â€Å"The Metamorphosis.† Franz Kafka was born in 1883 and grew up in a financially stable Jewish family in Prague. He was the only son left after the death of his youngerRead MoreFranz Kafkas Metamorphosis Essay1132 Words   |  5 Pages â€Å"What has happened to me? he thought.†(Kafka, 495) This quote is from the narrator in Kafka’s tale; The Metamorphosis, when Gregor Samsa wakes up and finds himself turned into a giant insect, and it was apparently not a dream. Gregor was a traveling salesman, he hated his job, but he was forced to stay in that business in order to pay his father’s debts to his boss, and maintain a comfortable lifestyle to his family. Kafka presents the metamorphosis event in an interesting way, when it seemed thatRead MoreThe Metamorphosis Isolation Essay1491 Words   |  6 PagesFranz Kafka’s feelings of isolation throughout his life caused him to portray characters in his writing as outcasts as a result. The basis of Kafka’s novel The Metamorphosis is the effects of isolation on man and it’s impact on life. The use of modernism in Kafka’s writing was a reflection of the characteristic shift from the beauty and innocence of romanticism to the cold harsh reality of life after World War I. Kafka’s lifelong alienation intersects with his work where he draws on his personalRead MoreGregor Samsa Essay1280 Words   |  6 PagesFranz Kafka writes Gregor Samsa in his novel The Metamorphosis to portray specific details of his childhood life. In the early 1900’s the Great Depression occurred which changed the romantic time period into the modernism that focused on grotesque imagery. The Great Depression caused people to appreciate their beautiful world, before it turned into the dark and gloo my atmosphere it was for ten years. Kafka and Gregor’s lives share the similarity that both of their fathers were aggressive, alienatingRead MoreThe Existential Isolation And Biopsychological Change1519 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Existential Isolation and Biopsychological Change in The Metamorphosis and â€Å"Letter to my Father† by Franz Kafka and Unwelcome Visitors† by Tessa Farmer This literary and art analysis will define the correlation between the writings of Kafka and the installation art of Tessa Farmer’s in relation to the themes of existential isolation and biopsychological change. Gregor’s anxiety in The Metamorphosis is partially due to the alienation of society, which cases an existential period of isolation inRead MoreThe Metemorphosis Essay1402 Words   |  6 PagesThe Metamorphosis The Metamorphosis is a novel written by Kafka Franz and published in 1915. The story is about a travelling sales man by the name Samsa Gregor who wakes up to find himself transformed into an insect. The main characters include Gregor Samsa, Grete Samsa, Mr. Samsa, Mrs. Samsa and Samsa. The theme of change is conspicuous on the novel when Gregor Samsa wakes up to find himself transformed into an insect. The theme of economic effects on human relationships is also evident when weRead MoreFranz Kafka s The Metamorphosis1544 Words   |  7 PagesFranz Kafka, struggled throughout his life with isolation, which is clearly a great influence and inspiration in his work, The Metamorphosis. Franz Kafka was born in 1883 to an upper middle class Jewish family in Prague. Kafka struggled with many problems in all facets of his life, most significantly in his his health, his relationships with the people in his life, and his relationship with work. Each of these problems contributed to his isolati on, which is reflected in his character Gregor Samsa’sRead MoreGregor Samsas Metamorphosis in The Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka1271 Words   |  6 Pagesalone and depressed. In the novel The Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka, Kafka describes the theme of alienation and its negative effect on people and their relationships with the people around them. This theme can be shown through Gregor Samsa, the main character in The Metamorphosis. After Gregor’s metamorphosis, or transformation, he is turned from a human being into a giant bug which makes him more and more distant from the people in his life. The alienation that Gregor experiences results in hisRead MoreThe Metamorphosis By Franz Kafka867 Words   |  4 Pagesincluding rapid growth spurts. Metamorphosis is a biological process by which an animal physically develop after birth or hatching. Involving a conspicuous and relatively abrupt changes in the animal’s body structure through cell growth and differentiation . The author Franz Kafka, who relatively wrote little in his short life and who published less has been enormously influential on later writers. He is considered an export of German expressionism. The metamorphosis is Kafka’s longest story and oneRead MoreEssay on The Metamorphosis, by Franz Kafka1973 Words   |  8 Pagestrigger depressive symptoms. Franz Kafka’s The Metamorphosis, begins when Gregor has awakened from his disturbed dream as a dung beetle. Gregor, the main character and Kafka himself, experienced insecure behavior, alienation and depression in their relationships. For Gregor, these symptoms had a tremendous effect on his self-concept: it led to a depressive and desolate end. Kafka’s misery in his real life was reflected in the Gregor‘s transformation. The Metamorphosis exposes the outcome of negative

Saturday, December 21, 2019

Teaching Assistant - 1580 Words

11 January 2010 Global Sukuk Market Global Sukuk Update The sukuk market was not spared from the effect of the global financial crisis. After expanding robustly in 2007 (by 90% yoy by total value of sukuk issued), the sukuk market experienced a marked slowdown in 2008 and 1H09 due to the following reasons: †¢ †¢ †¢ Challenging market conditions and drying up of liquidity Wide credit spreads and shortages of USD funding in issuing countries Challenging economic environment in the GCC countries, particularly in the UAE Nevertheless, as the overall market conditions improved, the primary sukuk market rebounded in 2H09. Third quarter issuance was up by 162.5% yoy and 61.9% qoq to USD8.8bln, followed by a strong issuance of USD8.1bln in†¦show more content†¦In addition, Islamic bonds are still far superior as compared to conventional binds, underpinned by the following factors: †¢ Fairness and transparency. The financier and customer share the risks and rewards based on an agreed profit-sharing ratio. The roles and responsibilities of the parties to a contract are also explicitly disclosed and transparent. Asset-backed transactions. Islamic financial transactions must be backed by an underlying tangible asset or legitimate productive activity. This discourages over-exposure of the financing facility beyond the value of the underlying asset, and hence provides continuous security to the investors Ethical investment. Islamic finance prohibits the charging or paying of interest, and imposes restrictions on unethical and speculative financial activities †¢ †¢ 3 Global Sukuk Update Disclaimer Disclosure By accepting this publication you agree to be bound by the foregoing terms and conditions. Kuwait Finance House Research Limited (â€Å"KFH Research†) has prepared this publication for general information purposes only and this does not constitute a prospectus, offering document or circular or offer,Show MoreRelatedNcfe Teaching Assistant Essay7227 Words   |  29 PagesThe primary objective of a teaching assistant is to support the school by carrying out a variety of tasks in order to create and maintain a safe, positive learning environment thus allowing teachers more time to focus on teaching. It is therefore paramount to remain flexible at all times. The purpose of this essay is to summarise the major learning points from the Teaching Assistant Diploma Course. I will address the nine subject areas separately. Supporting the teacher - Teachers are incrediblyRead MoreTeaching Assistant Level 2 (Assignment 3)6057 Words   |  25 PagesLevel 2 Teaching Assistant Certificate - Assignment Three Unit 3 Supporting the Curriculum TASK 9: Using subject headings together with a brief summary of the subject, describe the range and main provisions of the relevant National curriculum in the school where you are employed. Creative Development: This Area of Learning relates to the development of children’s individual ways of developing and representing their notions and emotions in an imaginative way through assorted mediums andRead MoreTeaching Assistant Level 2 Supportive the Pupil Essay11565 Words   |  47 PagesTASK 6. The social and emotional development of children from 5 to sixteen plays a crucial part in in the impact and quality of the child’s lives these influence the development of the child in various ways which is why it is important for a Teaching Assistant to recognise these factors so they can help the child continue learning and use the skills already instilled in them. By treating each child as their own person you learn that they are all different and develop at their own pace but in orderRead MoreVisiting Assistant Professor Of Teaching English1296 Words   |  6 Pagesthe position of Visiting Assistant Professor of Teaching English as a Second/Foreign Language in the Language, Literacy, and Leadership Department at Webster University. I hold a doctor of philosophy in Foreign, Second, and Multilingual Language Education (within the TESOL program) with an interdisciplinary specialization in Educational Technology. Moreover, I have experience in teaching EFL and ESL learners E nglish. I am confident that my educational background and teaching experience enable me toRead MoreWhy I Would Be A Good Teaching Assistant874 Words   |  4 PagesThe reason I think I would be a good teaching assistant is because I have the fundamental of helping out the lead teacher. Recently I had to write a essay on why I wanted to be a teacher. So down below is my essay on why I want to become a teacher. The reason why I want to teach is because of the essential and noble profession. Next to parents, I think teacher are important foundational element in our society. Being a teacher would show me the value, knowledge, and character to be a figure for childrenRead MoreTeaching Assistants And Teaching Assistant2615 Words   |  11 Pagesschools across the UK.† (Wilson et al, 2003, cited in Parker, 2009) Teaching Assistants There are many titles currently in use to describe the role of a teaching assistant, such as: classroom assistant (Lee and Mawson, 1998), learning support assistant (Farrell et al., 2000), teaching aides (Hall et al., 1995), para-educators (French and Chopra, 1999) and auxiliary support (McGarvey et al., 1996). In the past, teaching assistants (TAs) were appointed as and when needed in an informal manner. For exampleRead MoreEssay on Teaching Assistant921 Words   |  4 Pagesneeds. * Follow the information provided for the pupils with special educational needs. * Observe and record pupils abilities and behaviour to pass on to the teacher. Question 4 Think about your role and responsibilities as a teaching assistant. List examples of your own general and specific tasks. * Support the teacher and pupils at all times based on personal experience and qualifications. * Always follow guidelines provided by the school. * Allow access to the nationalRead MoreCommunication At Prab Raritan Gardens Essay1748 Words   |  7 Pagesstaff member she is within her office. All staff members underneath of her, although the requirements of their jobs may be different, are all on the same level in terms of hierarchy. Within the classroom, Teacher N and her teaching assistant (further address as teacher assistant V) do much of the same duties. If I had not been told who held what job title, it might have been a little difficult to decipher between the two. The only difference that I have witness is the required conferences/ classesRead MoreTeaching And Mentoring Experience For Undergraduate Students1312 Words   |  6 PagesTeaching and Mentoring Experience Teaching has been a fundamental component of my academic training. I have been actively involved in teaching, tutoring, and mentoring high school and undergraduate research students throughout my doctoral and postdoctoral work at the City University of New York (CUNY). I taught General Chemistry (I II) laboratory courses and recitation sections at CUNY for four years. I volunteered as a physical chemistry tutor for undergraduate students from CUNY. At St.Read MoreHow Does Language Affect The University Of Oklahoma?859 Words   |  4 Pagesthick accent. Eventually, Xiaotian revealed that she is a foreign student from China. After our exchange, we sat in silence, waiting for the teaching assistant to come lead the class. A few minutes later, a man walked through the door. He looked to be in his mid thirties, tall, and Asian. Because of his age, I assumed he must be the professor’s teaching assistant and not a student. After setting his things down in the front of the classroom, he progressed by introducing himself to the class. His announced

Thursday, December 12, 2019

Banksias Health Service for Cultural Diversity- MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theBanksias Health Servicefor Cultural Diversity. Answer: Introduction Based on the case study provided over a health care institution known as Banksia, there are certain Human Resource problems identified by the authors of the case study. Despite the rapid growth of the healthcare facility, it has been realized to face certain problems within its operations that are hindering its development. Stanton, Bartram, Young and Leggat have discussed the case study strategically with an aim to outline the various problems faced by the healthcare facility. From the analysis provided by the authors it is obvious that the three most common problems faced by the organization are staffing because there is increased supply and demand for the healthcare facilities, cost allocation in terms of investing in the various talents shown by the health practitioners available and regulation of the compliance and reporting various determining aspects of the organizations operations. The three problems faced by Banksia health facility would be discussed. One of the greatest difficulties confronted by medicinal services HR administrators is securing financing for ability administration activities which enable divisions to offer aggressive advantages and pull in the best specialists. This implies compensations must be focused while additionally fitting into doctor's facilities' money related arrangements (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, Wright, 2016). As financing gets cut and protection repayments are arranged, healing centers must remain on top of expenses to stay beneficial. In the social insurance industry, ability administration programs offering focused compensations to contract and hold high performing laborers can directly affect persistent fulfillment; it can likewise diminish staff turnover, which can be another exorbitant hit to an association (Gomez-Mejia, Balkin, Cardy, 2015). In a scene in which HR managers battle with their present spending plan, discovering approaches to lessen costs much further keeping in mind the end goa l to put resources into ability administration keeps on being troublesome. Luckily, IT can be one zone in which these cuts can be accomplished. According to the case study, the organization is facing a greater problem in cost management. The problem originates from the fact that the organization intends to spread its services to other areas while at the same time it wants to improve its health provision for the population available in the area (Gomez-Mejia, Balkin, Cardy, 2015). As a result, some of the funds available for the organization were allocated for the growth in healthcare provision as the remaining percentage was focused on the spread of the organization to other areas as the organization enlarged its healthcare facilities to other parts of the area it intends to cover. As a result, the divided funds have been inadequate for both programs of the organization (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, Wright, 2016). The cost problems experienced in both cases as the authors have realized is because of the inadequate planning by the organization. The other problem aside from cost management that the organization faces is regulation. Another test in Healthcare HR is the presentation of the Affordable Care Act and with it, the new announcing necessities (Huselid, Becker, 2016). HR Managers are currently required to answer to the IRS in consistence with the ACA, which means chiefs should precisely track representatives and their work hours as they identify with medical advantages. Different regions in which standard announcing and following are required are that of yearly surveys (Armstrong, Taylor, 2014). To get government or state financing, healing facility based workers are required to have yearly surveys and execution assessments. Representatives should likewise have foundations checks, confirmation recharges, and following of vaccinations (Arthur, 2014). Luckily, HR Management Software suppliers have been receptive to the requirement for improved following and announcing programming. ACA Reporting and Compliance programm ing assists HR directors with generating and document frames required by the IRS, including 1094-C and 1095-C. The product likewise helps supervisors to plan shapes required by representatives and gives hourly following applications to distinguish which workers are qualified for advantages under new controls. According to the case study, regulation is a major problem for Banksia Health service. The organization has not been able to regulate its operations to meet the required standards of healthcare provision as recommended by the health department (Tichy, 2013). As stated in the case, the organization has a problem with the authorities concerned with health matters within the region based on their terms of operation. The services of the organization have been under pressure to satisfy the codes of operation related to public health recommendations for most healthcare facilities (Lado, Wilson, 2014). The human resource is blamed for the failure as it should be their role to control such instances. The last common problem faced by the organization is staffing. One test that medicinal services HR experts are right now confronting spins around the staffing of attendants and specialists (Delery, 2012). As request around the nation keeps on expanding, competitors are finding that they have different alternatives with regards to picking their work area; at last creating an extensive lack in staff in specific regions of the nation. With the rising pattern towards execution based vocation models in the medicinal services industry, numerous HR divisions are additionally attempting to enlist and hold high performing specialists. Keeping in mind the end goal to deal with these difficulties HR Managers can actualize Applicant Tracking Systems (Lado, Wilson, 2014). These frameworks streamline the enlisting procedure and incorporate robotized notices and work processes which enable HR supervisors to rapidly react to qualified competitors while approaching remuneration information. The case study has identified staffing as the major problem at Banksia Health Service. The organization has no specific staff that controls its operations within the areas that it operates (Tichy, 2013). The fact that there is no outlined staff for the organization that controls its operations is a major problem for the organization as the authors highlight that it is through the problem that the activities of the organization have been paralyzed (Huselid, Becker, 2016). The temporary human resource that has been created by the organization has limited chances of managing the widely spread services of the organization. Staffing is the most important part of an organization that the human resource department should consider first while preparing to manage an organization especially the health organization that requires care as it entails human life (Delery, 2012). There are also some changes that the organization needs to make within its human resource sector so that it can increase its competitiveness through the quality of service it provides for the people. Some of the necessary changes required for the organization include; Enrollment Human Resource arranging includes remaining collaboration in work market alterations and guidance from other relevant sectors including independent companies influenced by the accessibility of specialists (Ulrich, Brockbank, Yeung, Lake, 2015). For example, the United States Authority on Labor Statistics displays occupations for registered medical caretakers will develop by 26% in the vicinity of 2010 to 2020. American Association of Colleges of Nursing anticipates a nursing lack, in relation to the developing number of job opportunities and the amount of medical attendants with identity resigning. Key organization, for instance, creating enrollment activities within nursing schools earlier than graduation, provides businesses an aggressive advantage against industrial partners in pulling in approved hopefuls (Youndt, Snell, Dean, Lepak, 2016). Organizations with controlled capital and asset for top selecting skills meant to consider innovative methods for attaining qualified hopef uls, for instance, open houses together with the small scale unions that provide potential candidates with a more intensive take on gander at the association (Cox Blake, 2017). The other option for independent venture choosing is to form representative referral plans that have the tendency to attract competitors with special characteristics and capabilities like that of the present workers. The Balance in Work and Life Most researchers within their best records as per various variables, for instance, better advantages or better work environment for ladies in most cases (Carneiro, 2017). Work and life adjust is an situation that is turned out to be normal in the Human Resource vernacular. The term implies that the business might be attracted to adaptable work courses of action, for instance, elective preparation, working from homes and packed weeks full of work (Ulrich, Brockbank, Yeung, Lake, 2015). An advantage is increased by furnishing the representatives with the chances to accomplish work and life adjustments so that they stay beneficial and attract in supporters of the organization. Human Resource plan is important in dispatching the projects; however, independent companies should painstakingly measure how effective working environment malleability can be (Stroh Caligiuri, 2013). Altering working hours or reducing the time spent at the workplace could disable some specialty numbers, particu larly when the representatives are working cross-practically to bolster more than a territory of the organization. Implementation Measurement Human Resource divisions are extensively in charge of creating implementation on the administration measurements. These measurements empower occasional rating of representative employment implementation through annual assessments, corrective notices and transformation arranges (Stroh Caligiuri, 2013). Independent companies in most cases have firm workplaces, which loan themselves to additional chances to attract in laborers on individual levels. This could urge the workers to consider a stab at elite levels when understanding a business really is keen on their affluence. High performing representatives give organizations an advantage since they are profitable, completely occupied and energetic with their duties (Carneiro, 2017). Human Resource plan is necessary for observing the business' implementation administration plans, organizing managers to deliver fair disapproval and regulating the plan to tackle the issues of representatives and boss. Payment Pay rates and earnings are not the major reasons representatives remain with their bosses, however workers who trust their remuneration and advantages are sensible and insistent are probably going to reconsider previous to leaving an organization that provides them with unmistakable prizes for their gifts (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, Wright, 2016). Smaller organizations might have preference around there in light of the fact that they frequently can be malleable in locating wages and compensations more than vast partnerships with unbending pay scales. A human Resource plan that involves pay and advantages investigations uncovers territories for growth concerning the business' pay structure. Human Resource's help with availing a sound pay structure could build the organization's interest to representatives, giving it an upper hand from the worker preservation point of consideration (Kochan, 2014). Consistency In many associations, the Human Resource is in control of consistence with work laws. This is a basic part of Human Resource spares firms the charge of enlisting legal advisors to shield business activities or settlements for cases coming up from line work rehearses (Lengnick-Hall, Lengnick-Hall, 2012). It is particularly imperative for private ventures that would be blown by a legal case, regardless of whether by substantial outcomes, for instance, matches cost or unimportant results, for instance, the loss of disrepute (Kochan, 2014). Organizations with fewer employees like 15 are legally responsible to government works and business laws. Human Resource executes work environment arrangements conventional with management state and near laws. Approaches go from certifying the business' responsibility regarding measure up to circumstance work to actually unimportant matters for instance, respites all that bolster hierarchical structure and moderate the organization's threats of oblig ation for the cases from workers and candidates (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, Wright, 2016). The amounts invested empower the organization to assemble its wealth and, subsequently, improve its business disrepute and advantages. Conclusion In conclusion, the case study provided shows a health organization known as Banksia being faced by several problems within its operations. The major problems facing the organization have been realized to include its regulation, costs and mostly its staffing policies. According to the examination of the case study, the organization needs help within its human resource system to improve its competitiveness with other healthcare providing organizations and to ensure that it maximizes its service provision to the people within the region it operates. From the case study provided, it has been seen that the organization is fast in spreading its services to other areas of the while it is not mindful of the services it provides to the people. As a healthcare facility, the human resource of the organization should be blamed for not maximizing its activities in ensuring that the organization remains as competitive as possible. Another matter of concern is that as an organization that deals in health matters, more concern ought to be paid to the quality of health provided than in spreading the improper services of the organization. References Armstrong, M., Taylor, S. (2014).Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Arthur, J. B. (2014). Effects of human resource systems on manufacturing performance and turnover.Academy of Management journal,37(3), 670-687. Carneiro, A. (2017). How does knowledge management influence innovation and competitiveness?.Journal of knowledge management,4(2), 87-98. Cox, T. H., Blake, S. (2017). Managing cultural diversity: Implications for organizational competitiveness.The Executive, 45-56. Delery, J. E. (2012). Issues of fit in strategic human resource management: Implications for research.Human resource management review,8(3), 289-309. Gomez-Mejia, L. R., Balkin, D. B., Cardy, R. L. (2015). Managing human resources. Huselid, M. A., Becker, B. E. (2016). Methodological issues in cross?sectional and panel estimates of the human resource?firm performance link.Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society,35(3), 400-422. Kochan, T. A. (2014).The mutual gains enterprise: Forging a winning partnership among labor, management, and government. Harvard Business Press. Lado, A. A., Wilson, M. C. (2014). Human resource systems and sustained competitive advantage: A competency-based perspective.Academy of management review,19(4), 699-727. Lengnick-Hall, C. A., Lengnick-Hall, M. L. (2012). Strategic human resources management: A review of the literature and a proposed typology.Academy of management Review,13(3), 454-470. Noe, R. A., Hollenbeck, J. R., Gerhart, B., Wright, P. M. (2016). Human resource management: Gaining a competitive advantage. Noe, R. A., Hollenbeck, J. R., Gerhart, B., Wright, P. M. (2016). Human resource management: Gaining a competitive advantage. Stroh, L. K., Caligiuri, P. M. (2013). Increasing global competitiveness through effective people management.Journal of World Business,33(1), 1-16. Tichy, N. M. (2013). Strategic human resource management. Ulrich, D., Brockbank, W., Yeung, A. K., Lake, D. G. (2015). Human resource competencies: An empirical assessment.Human Resource Management,34(4), 473-495. Youndt, M. A., Snell, S. A., Dean, J. W., Lepak, D. P. (2016). Human resource management, manufacturing strategy, and firm performance.Academy of management Journal,39(4), 836-866.